A popular Union commander, Sigel was the highest ranking German-American officer in the Union Army, with many Germans enlisting to "fight mit Sigel."
Sigel was a political appointment of President Abraham Lincoln, who hoped that Sigel's immense popularity would help deliver the votes of the increasingly important German segment of the population.
Born in Baden in 1824, Germany, Sigel was a member of the Forty-Eighters, a political movement of the revolutions in German states that led to thousands of Germans emigrating to the United States. These included such future Civil War officers as Maj. Gen. Carl Schurz, Brig. Gen. August Willich, Louis Blenker, Max Weber, and Alexander Schimmelpfennig.
After the 1848 revolution failed, Sigel fled to Switzerland. He lived in England for a while until emigrating to the United States.
He taught in New York City schools before becoming the director of education in St. Louis.An opponent of slavery, he immediately joined the Union Army on the outbreak of the American Civil War.
On July 5, 1861, Sigel led the Battle of Carthage, Missouri, against the Southern-sympathizing Missouri State Guard, commanded by Gov. Claiborne Jackson.
This year marks the 150th anniversary of that battle, the first serious conflict that would last four years.
Sigel was commissioned Colonel of the 3rd Missouri but within a few weeks had been promoted to the rank of Brigadier General.
He commanded the 4th Brigade of Army of Southwest Missouri from January to February of 1862. He took part in the battles at Wilson's Creek. and Pea Ridge before being appointed Major General on 21st March, 1862.
Three months later he fought against Thomas Stonewall Jackson in Shenandoah Valley (4th to 26th June) and against Robert E. Lee at the 2nd Battle of Bull Run.
In the winter of 1863 bad health forced Sigel to rest from active duty. He returned in March, 1864, but was badly defeated at New Market.
In July he fought Major General Jubal Early at Harpers Ferry but soon afterwards was relieved of his command for "lack of aggression".
After the war Sigel went to live in Baltimore where he worked as a journalist. He later moved to New York City where he became involved in publishing and lecturing.
Franz Sigel died in New York on 21st August, 1902.